[Jun-2025] Exam H12-893_V1.0: New Brain Dump Professional - PracticeVCE
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Huawei H12-893_V1.0 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 16
Which of the following statements are true about a routing design that employs OSPF on the underlay network of a DC? (Select All that Apply)
- A. This routing design is recommended when the DC has more than 300 switches.
- B. It is recommended that all devices be planned in Area 0.
- C. Typically, the IP address of Loopback0 is configured as the VTEP IP address and the same IP address is planned for active-active leaf nodes in the same group.
- D. The network type of spine and leaf nodes can be set to P2P in order to accelerate convergence.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a routing protocol used in the underlay network of Huawei's CloudFabric DCNs. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Typically, the IP address of Loopback0 is configured as the VTEP IP address and the same IP address is planned for active-active leaf nodes in the same group: This is true. Loopback0 IP is commonly used as the VTEP IP for stability, and in active-active leaf node groups (e.g., M-LAG), the same IP can be configured with VRRP or anycast to ensure consistency. TRUE.
B . The network type of spine and leaf nodes can be set to P2P in order to accelerate convergence: This is true. Setting OSPF network type to Point-to-Point (P2P) on spine-leaf links reduces overhead (e.g., no DR/BDR election) and speeds up convergence, a recommended practice in Huawei DCNs. TRUE.
C . This routing design is recommended when the DC has more than 300 switches: This is false. OSPF is suitable for smaller to medium-sized DCNs (e.g., up to 200-300 switches). For larger networks (>300 switches), EBGP is preferred due to better scalability and reduced complexity. FALSE.
D . It is recommended that all devices be planned in Area 0: This is false. While a single Area 0 is possible for small DCNs, multi-area OSPF is recommended for larger networks to manage scalability and reduce routing table size, avoiding a flat Area 0 design. FALSE.
Thus, A and B are true statements about OSPF routing design in a DC underlay.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Which of the following technologies are open-source virtualization technologies? (Select All that Apply)
- A. FusionSphere
- B. Xen
- C. Hyper-V
- D. KVM
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Virtualization technologies enable the creation of virtual machines (VMs) by abstracting hardware resources. Open-source technologies are freely available with accessible source code. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Hyper-V: Hyper-V is a hypervisor developed by Microsoft, integrated into Windows Server and available as a standalone product. It is proprietary, not open-source, as its source code is not publicly available. Not Open-Source.
B . Xen: Xen is an open-source hypervisor maintained by the Xen Project under the Linux Foundation. It supports multiple guest operating systems and is widely used in cloud environments (e.g., Citrix XenServer builds on it). Its source code is freely available. Open-Source.
C . FusionSphere: FusionSphere is Huawei's proprietary virtualization and cloud computing platform, based on OpenStack and other components. While it integrates open-source elements (e.g., KVM), FusionSphere itself is a commercial product, not fully open-source. Not Open-Source.
D . KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine): KVM is an open-source virtualization technology integrated into the Linux kernel. It turns Linux into a Type-1 hypervisor, and its source code is available under the GNU General Public License. It's widely used in Huawei's virtualization solutions. Open-Source.
Thus, B (Xen) and D (KVM) are open-source virtualization technologies.
NEW QUESTION # 18
In which of the following phases can CloudFabric implement full-lifecycle automatic network management and control? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Change optimization
- B. Planning and construction
- C. O&M and monitoring
- D. Service provisioning
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
Huawei's CloudFabric solution provides an SDN-based framework for data center network management, supporting automation across the network lifecycle. Let's evaluate each phase:
A . Planning and construction: This is true. CloudFabric automates network design, resource allocation, and deployment during the planning and construction phase using tools like iMaster NCE. TRUE.
B . Service provisioning: This is true. Automated service orchestration (e.g., VXLAN tunnel setup, tenant configuration) is a key feature during provisioning. TRUE.
C . O&M and monitoring: This is true. CloudFabric offers real-time monitoring, fault detection, and performance optimization through centralized management. TRUE.
D . Change optimization: This is true. The solution supports automated upgrades, policy adjustments, and optimization based on analytics, covering the change management phase. TRUE.
All phases A, B, C, and D are supported by CloudFabric's full-lifecycle automation.
NEW QUESTION # 19
In Huawei CloudFabric Solution, OSPF or BGP can be used on the underlay network of a DC.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, the underlay network provides the physical infrastructure for VXLAN overlays. Both OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) are supported routing protocols:
OSPF: Suitable for smaller to medium-sized DCNs, offering fast convergence and simplicity.
BGP: Preferred for large-scale DCNs, providing scalability and multi-tenancy support (e.g., EBGP for inter-AS or iBGP for intra-DC).
Huawei documentation confirms flexibility in choosing OSPF or BGP based on network size and requirements. The statement is TRUE (A).
NEW QUESTION # 20
In Huawei CloudFabric Solution, iMaster NCE-Fabric uses SNMP to collect alarms and logs of physical devices and vSwitches.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, iMaster NCE-Fabric is the SDN controller responsible for managing physical devices and virtual switches (vSwitches). The method of data collection is critical for network monitoring.
SNMP Usage: Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is a traditional method for collecting alarms and logs from network devices. However, Huawei's modern SDN controllers, including iMaster NCE-Fabric, primarily use telemetry (e.g., gRPC, NETCONF) for real-time data collection from physical devices and vSwitches. Telemetry provides higher efficiency and granularity compared to SNMP.
CloudFabric Approach: The solution leverages telemetry-based data collection, as documented in FabricInsight and iMaster NCE-Fabric guides, to gather alarms, logs, and performance metrics. SNMP may be supported as a legacy option but is not the primary method in this context.
The statement is FALSE (B) because iMaster NCE-Fabric predominantly uses telemetry, not SNMP, for collecting alarms and logs.
NEW QUESTION # 21
V-STP prevents loops caused by incorrect configurations or connections in an M-LAG.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
V-STP (Virtual Spanning Tree Protocol) is a Huawei-specific enhancement of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) designed to prevent Layer 2 loops in complex network topologies, including Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation (M-LAG) deployments on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches.
M-LAG Overview: M-LAG allows two switches to appear as a single logical device, connecting to downstream devices via Link Aggregation Groups (LAGs). Without proper loop prevention, incorrect configurations (e.g., misconfigured ports) or physical connections (e.g., redundant links) can cause broadcast storms.
V-STP Role: V-STP extends STP to handle virtualized environments and M-LAG scenarios. It ensures that only one path is active in a loop-prone topology by blocking redundant links, preventing loops caused by misconfigurations or unintended connections. In M-LAG, V-STP coordinates with the peer-link to maintain a loop-free topology.
The statement is TRUE (A) because V-STP is designed to prevent loops in M-LAG deployments due to incorrect configurations or connections.
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which of the following are the application scenarios of Huawei CloudFabric Solution? (Select All that Apply)
- A. OpenFlow network
- B. Computing
- C. Container network
- D. Cloud-network integration
- E. Hosting
Answer: C,D,E
NEW QUESTION # 23
Both M-LAG and stacking technologies can overcome the disadvantages of traditional DCNs. However, M-LAG is a better choice to ensure 24/7 service continuity.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
Traditional data center networks (DCNs) often suffer from single points of failure, limited scalability, and traffic bottlenecks. Both M-LAG and stacking address these issues, but their suitability for 24/7 service continuity differs.
M-LAG Benefits: M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation) on Huawei CE switches allows two devices to act as a single logical switch, providing active-active forwarding, high availability, and rapid failover (e.g., via peer-link synchronization). It supports non-stop service during device failures, making it ideal for 24/7 continuity.
Stacking Benefits: Stacking combines multiple switches into a single logical unit, sharing a control plane. While it improves scalability and simplifies management, a stack master failure can disrupt the entire stack unless redundancy is perfectly configured, potentially affecting service continuity.
Comparison: M-LAG's decentralized design and real-time synchronization offer better fault isolation and recovery compared to stacking, where a master switch failure impacts the stack. Huawei documentation highlights M-LAG's superiority for high-availability scenarios like 24/7 operations.
The statement is TRUE (A) because M-LAG is indeed a better choice than stacking for ensuring 24/7 service continuity due to its robust failover and redundancy features.
NEW QUESTION # 24
A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses. During VXLAN tunnel establishment, the local and remote VTEPs attempt to obtain each other's IP addresses. If the VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3, a VXLAN tunnel can be established.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: A
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key feature in Huawei's data center solutions. The endpoints of a VXLAN tunnel are VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs), identified by their IP addresses.
Tunnel Identification: A VXLAN tunnel is uniquely identified by the pair of VTEP IP addresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This pair ensures the tunnel is specific to the communication path between the two VTEPs.
Tunnel Establishment: During setup, VTEPs exchange information to learn each other's IP addresses. This can occur manually (static configuration) or dynamically (e.g., via BGP EVPN). The underlay network must provide Layer 3 reachability between the VTEP IP addresses, typically using routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to ensure IP connectivity.
Reachability Condition: If the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable at Layer 3, the tunnel can be established, allowing encapsulation and decapsulation of VXLAN traffic. This is a fundamental requirement in Huawei's VXLAN implementation.
The statement is TRUE (A) because a VXLAN tunnel's identification and establishment depend on reachable VTEP IP address pairs at Layer 3.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following statements is false about VM service traffic in the computing scenario?
- A. Traffic between vSwitches on virtual servers and server leaf nodes is VLAN encapsulated.
- B. Traffic inside a fabric is VXLAN encapsulated.
- C. Traffic between VAS devices and service leaf nodes is VLAN encapsulated.
- D. Inter-VPC traffic must pass through the firewall.
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric computing scenario, VM service traffic involves virtualized environments with VXLAN overlays and traditional VLANs. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Traffic inside a fabric is VXLAN encapsulated: This is true. Within a CloudFabric network, VXLAN encapsulation is used to transport traffic across the fabric, enabling overlay networking for VMs. TRUE.
B . Inter-VPC traffic must pass through the firewall: This is false. Inter-VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) traffic can be routed directly between VPCs using a gateway or router (e.g., with EVPN Type 5 routes) without necessarily passing through a firewall, depending on security policies. Firewalls are optional for inter-VPC traffic, not mandatory. FALSE.
C . Traffic between VAS devices and service leaf nodes is VLAN encapsulated: This is true. Value-Added Services (VAS) devices (e.g., load balancers) often connect to service leaf nodes using VLAN encapsulation, especially in traditional or hybrid deployments. TRUE.
D . Traffic between vSwitches on virtual servers and server leaf nodes is VLAN encapsulated: This is true. Traffic from virtual switches (vSwitches) on hypervisors to physical server leaf nodes typically uses VLAN encapsulation over the physical NICs, before VXLAN overlay if applicable. TRUE.
Thus, B is the false statement because inter-VPC traffic does not always require a firewall.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Assume that a VXLAN tunnel is monitored on a Huawei CE series switch and that the tunnel status is Down or the tunnel fails to be dynamically established. In this scenario, which of the following statements are true about how to check the cause of the fault? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check at most the latest five reasons why a VXLAN tunnel goes Down.
- B. Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check the causes of at most the latest five failures to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel.
- C. Run the display vxlan statistics command to check the cause of the fault.
- D. Run the display vxlan peer command to check the cause of the fault on the peer device of the tunnel.
Answer: A,B,C,D
Explanation:
On Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, VXLAN tunnel monitoring and troubleshooting involve specific commands to diagnose issues such as tunnel Down status or failed dynamic establishment. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Run the display vxlan statistics command to check the cause of the fault: This command provides statistics on VXLAN tunnel traffic, including packet drops, encapsulation/decapsulation counts, and errors. It helps identify issues like misconfiguration or network congestion, making it a valid troubleshooting tool. TRUE.
B . Run the display vxlan peer command to check the cause of the fault on the peer device of the tunnel: This command displays information about VXLAN peers, including their IP addresses, VNIs, and reachability status. Checking the peer device's status can reveal connectivity or configuration mismatches, aiding fault diagnosis. TRUE.
C . Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check the causes of at most the latest five failures to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel: This command logs and displays troubleshooting details, including the latest five failure reasons for dynamic tunnel setup (e.g., BGP EVPN issues or reachability problems). This is a standard feature on Huawei CE switches. TRUE.
D . Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check at most the latest five reasons why a VXLAN tunnel goes Down: This command also tracks reasons for tunnel Down events (e.g., underlay failure, peer unreachability), limited to the latest five incidents. This is consistent with Huawei's troubleshooting capabilities. TRUE.
All options A, B, C, and D are true, as they represent valid commands and approaches to troubleshoot VXLAN tunnel issues on Huawei CE switches.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which of the following statements are true about common storage types used by enterprises?
- A. Block storage typically applies to remote backup storage.
- B. Object storage devices are typically disk arrays.
- C. FTP servers are typically used for file storage.
- D. Block storage applies to databases that require high I/O.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth
A . FTP servers are typically used for file storage.
This is correct. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) servers are indeed a common way to store and share files. They are widely used for basic file storage and transfer needs.
B . Object storage devices are typically disk arrays.
This is incorrect. Object storage devices are not typically disk arrays in the traditional sense. Object storage is designed for massive amounts of unstructured data. While they use disks for persistence, they present data as objects with metadata, rather than as blocks or files. Object storage solutions often use distributed systems across many servers, not just a single array.
C . Block storage applies to databases that require high I/O.
This is correct. Block storage is ideal for applications that demand high I/O performance, such as databases. Block storage provides raw, unformatted data blocks, giving applications direct control and low latency.
D . Block storage typically applies to remote backup storage.
This is partially true, but not the typical primary use case. While block storage can be used for remote backups, it is generally considered less efficient and more expensive than object storage for this purpose. Object storage is better suited for large, unstructured backup datasets. Block storage is better for applications that need fast read/write speeds, such as databases and virtual machines.
Therefore, the correct answers are A and C.
Reference to Huawei Data Center Network documents:
Huawei storage product documentation detailing block storage (e.g., OceanStor Dorado), file storage, and object storage (e.g., OceanStor Pacific) characteristics and use cases.
Huawei white papers on data center storage architectures, which compare and contrast different storage types.
Huawei HCIP-Storage training materials, which will have very detailed information regarding each of the storage types, and their use cases.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which of the following protocols is used to back up session tables between the active and standby firewalls in the hot standby scenario?
- A. BFD
- B. VRRP
- C. HRP
- D. M-LAG
Answer: C
Explanation:
In a hot standby scenario, firewalls (e.g., Huawei USG series) maintain high availability by synchronizing session tables between active and standby devices to ensure seamless failover. Let's evaluate each protocol:
A . M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation): M-LAG is a link aggregation technology for switches, not designed for session table backup between firewalls. Incorrect.
B . VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol): VRRP provides gateway redundancy by electing a master router, but it does not handle session table synchronization between firewalls. Incorrect.
C . BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection): BFD is a fast failure detection protocol used with routing protocols, not for session table backup. Incorrect.
D . HRP (Hot Standby Redundancy Protocol): HRP is Huawei's proprietary protocol specifically designed for firewall hot standby scenarios. It synchronizes session tables, configuration data, and status information between active and standby firewalls to ensure stateful failover. Correct.
Thus, the answer is D (HRP).
NEW QUESTION # 29
In an M-LAG, two CE series switches send M-LAG synchronization packets through the peer-link to synchronize information with each other in real time. Which of the following entries need to be included in the M-LAG synchronization packets to ensure that traffic forwarding is not affected if either device fails? (Select All that Apply)
- A. ARP entries
- B. Routing entries
- C. IGMP entries
- D. MAC address entries
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation Group (M-LAG) is a high-availability technology on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, where two switches appear as a single logical device to downstream devices. The peer-link between the M-LAG peers synchronizes critical information to ensure seamless failover if one device fails. Let's evaluate the entries:
A . MAC Address Entries: MAC address tables map device MACs to ports. In M-LAG, synchronizing MAC entries ensures that both switches know the location of connected devices. If one switch fails, the surviving switch can forward Layer 2 traffic without relearning MAC addresses, preventing disruptions. Required.
B . Routing Entries: Routing entries (e.g., OSPF or BGP routes) are maintained at Layer 3 and typically synchronized via routing protocols, not M-LAG peer-link packets. M-LAG operates at Layer 2, and while Layer 3 can be overlaid (e.g., with VXLAN), routing table synchronization is not a standard M-LAG requirement. Not Required.
C . IGMP Entries: IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) entries track multicast group memberships. While useful for multicast traffic, they are not critical for basic unicast traffic forwarding in M-LAG failover scenarios. Huawei documentation indicates IGMP synchronization is optional and context-specific, not mandatory for general traffic continuity. Not Required.
D . ARP Entries: ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) entries map IP addresses to MAC addresses, crucial for Layer 2/Layer 3 communication. Synchronizing ARP entries ensures the surviving switch can resolve IP-to-MAC mappings post-failover, avoiding ARP flooding or traffic loss. Required.
Thus, A (MAC address entries) and D (ARP entries) are essential for M-LAG synchronization to maintain traffic forwarding during failover, per Huawei CE switch M-LAG design.
NEW QUESTION # 30
iMaster NCE-Fabric is Huawei's DC controller. Tenants can use it to create VPCs and deploy logical networks as required. After logical NEs are deployed, the corresponding network configurations are delivered to underlying network devices. Which of the following statements is false about the delivered network configurations?
- A. An end port represents an online host. It corresponds to the traffic encapsulation type (whether a VLAN tag is carried) configured on a Layer 2 sub-interface of a physical device.
- B. A logical port is equivalent to an independent physical port that is used by a host to connect to a VXLAN network. It corresponds to the Layer 2 sub-interface configuration on a physical device.
- C. Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 2 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to BD and Layer 2 VNI configurations on physical devices.
- D. Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 3 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to Layer 3 gateway configurations such as VBDIF interface and VPN instance configurations on physical devices.
Answer: D
Explanation:
iMaster NCE-Fabric automates network configuration delivery in Huawei's CloudFabric. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 3 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to Layer 3 gateway configurations such as VBDIF interface and VPN instance configurations on physical devices: This is false. Logical switches in iMaster NCE-Fabric primarily handle Layer 2 communication (e.g., bridging within a VNI), corresponding to Bridge Domains (BDs) and Layer 2 VNIs. Layer 3 communication is managed by gateways, not logical switches. FALSE.
B . An end port represents an online host. It corresponds to the traffic encapsulation type (whether a VLAN tag is carried) configured on a Layer 2 sub-interface of a physical device: This is true. End ports map to host connections, with encapsulation (VLAN-tagged or untagged) configured on sub-interfaces. TRUE.
C . A logical port is equivalent to an independent physical port that is used by a host to connect to a VXLAN network. It corresponds to the Layer 2 sub-interface configuration on a physical device: This is true. Logical ports represent host connections, mapped to Layer 2 sub-interfaces for VXLAN access. TRUE.
D . Logical switches are mainly used for Layer 2 communication between hosts on a VXLAN network. These switches correspond to BD and Layer 2 VNI configurations on physical devices: This is true. Logical switches facilitate Layer 2 connectivity, aligning with BD and VNI settings. TRUE.
Thus, A is the false statement because logical switches are for Layer 2, not Layer 3, communication.
NEW QUESTION # 31
Which of the following nodes connects computing resources such as virtual and physical servers to a VXLAN fabric?
- A. Server leaf
- B. Service leaf
- C. Border leaf
- D. DCI leaf
Answer: A
Explanation:
In Huawei's spine-leaf VXLAN fabric (e.g., CloudFabric), nodes have specific roles:
A . DCI leaf: Data Center Interconnect (DCI) leaf nodes connect different data centers, not internal computing resources. Incorrect.
B . Server leaf: Server leaf nodes connect computing resources (virtual servers via hypervisors, physical servers) to the VXLAN fabric, handling access traffic. This is the correct role for connecting servers. Correct.
C . Border leaf: Border leaf nodes connect the DCN to external networks, not internal computing resources. Incorrect.
D . Service leaf: Service leaf nodes connect to value-added services (e.g., firewalls), not directly to computing resources like servers. Incorrect.
Thus, the answer is B (Server leaf).
NEW QUESTION # 32
In EVPN Type 3 routes, the MPLS Label field carries a Layer 3 VNI.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
Explanation:
EVPN (Ethernet VPN) is a control plane technology used with VXLAN in Huawei's data center networks to provide Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity. EVPN routes are advertised using BGP, with different types serving specific purposes. Type 3 routes (Inclusive Multicast Ethernet Tag routes) are used for multicast or BUM (Broadcast, Unknown Unicast, Multicast) traffic handling in VXLAN networks.
MPLS Label Field: In MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching), the label field is used to identify the forwarding equivalence class (FEC) or virtual circuit. In EVPN with VXLAN, MPLS labels can be used in underlay networks, but VXLAN itself relies on a VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) in the VXLAN header for overlay segmentation.
Layer 3 VNI: A Layer 3 VNI is associated with inter-subnet routing in EVPN, typically carried in Type 5 routes (IP Prefix routes) for Layer 3 forwarding. Type 3 routes, however, focus on multicast distribution and carry a Layer 2 VNI or multicast group information, not a Layer 3 VNI.
MPLS Label in Type 3 Routes: The MPLS label in Type 3 routes, if used, identifies the VXLAN tunnel or multicast group, not a Layer 3 VNI. The Layer 3 VNI is specific to Type 5 routes for routing between subnets, not Type 3's multicast focus.
Thus, the statement is FALSE (B) because the MPLS Label field in EVPN Type 3 routes does not carry a Layer 3 VNI; it relates to Layer 2 multicast or tunnel identification.
NEW QUESTION # 33
In the computing scenario of Huawei CloudFabric Solution, which of the following services are optional for controller interconnection? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Interconnection with eSight
- B. Interconnection with FabricInsight
- C. Interconnection with the VMM
- D. Interconnection with the authentication server
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, the iMaster NCE-Fabric controller manages the network in computing scenarios (e.g., virtualized environments). Controller interconnection with external systems can be mandatory or optional depending on functionality. Let's evaluate each option:
A . Interconnection with FabricInsight: This is optional. FabricInsight is an analytics and assurance tool that enhances visibility and troubleshooting but is not required for basic controller operations in the computing scenario. OPTIONAL.
B . Interconnection with the authentication server: This is mandatory. Authentication servers (e.g., RADIUS, TACACS+) are essential for securing access to the controller and managed devices, a core requirement in computing scenarios. NOT OPTIONAL.
C . Interconnection with eSight: This is optional. eSight is a network management platform that provides additional monitoring and management capabilities, but it is not necessary for core controller functionality. OPTIONAL.
D . Interconnection with the VMM (Virtual Machine Manager): This is mandatory. Interconnection with a VMM (e.g., FusionCompute, OpenStack) is required to manage virtualized computing resources and orchestrate network services in the computing scenario. NOT OPTIONAL.
Thus, A (Interconnection with FabricInsight) and C (Interconnection with eSight) are optional services for controller interconnection.
NEW QUESTION # 34
VXLAN is a network virtualization technology that uses MAC-in-UDP encapsulation. What is the destination port number used during UDP encapsulation?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: B
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is a network overlay technology that encapsulates Layer 2 Ethernet frames within UDP packets to extend Layer 2 networks over Layer 3 infrastructure, widely used in Huawei's CloudFabric data center solutions. The encapsulation process, often referred to as "MAC-in-UDP," involves wrapping the original Ethernet frame (including MAC addresses) inside a UDP packet.
UDP Encapsulation: The VXLAN header follows the UDP header, and the destination UDP port number identifies VXLAN traffic. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has officially assigned UDP port 4789 as the default destination port for VXLAN.
Options Analysis:
A . 4787: This is not a standard VXLAN port and is not recognized by IANA or Huawei documentation.
B . 4789: This is the correct and widely adopted destination port for VXLAN, as specified in RFC 7348 and implemented in Huawei's VXLAN configurations.
C . 4790: This port is not associated with VXLAN and is unused in this context.
D . 4788: This is not a standard VXLAN port; it may be confused with other protocols but is not correct for VXLAN.
Thus, the destination port number used during UDP encapsulation in VXLAN is B (4789), aligning with Huawei's VXLAN implementation standards.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following statements are true about IP address planning for a DC? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Service addresses refer to the IP addresses of servers, hosts, and gateways.
- B. IP address allocation should be simple and easy to manage, reflect network layers, and simplify network management and network expansion.
- C. IP addresses with a 24-bit mask are recommended for use as interconnection IP addresses.
- D. IP addresses must be contiguous. The routes with contiguous IP addresses can be summarized easily on a hierarchical network.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
IP address planning is critical in Huawei's CloudFabric data center networks to ensure scalability and efficiency. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . Service addresses refer to the IP addresses of servers, hosts, and gateways: This is true. Service addresses are assigned to endpoints (servers, hosts) and gateways, distinguishing them from management or interconnection IPs in DC planning. TRUE.
B . IP addresses with a 24-bit mask are recommended for use as interconnection IP addresses: This is false. A 24-bit mask (/24) is typically used for service subnets, while interconnection IPs (e.g., between spine and leaf) often use smaller masks (e.g., /31 or /30) to conserve addresses and align with point-to-point links. FALSE.
C . IP addresses must be contiguous. The routes with contiguous IP addresses can be summarized easily on a hierarchical network: This is false. Contiguity is desirable for summarization but not mandatory; non-contiguous blocks can still be managed with proper routing design (e.g., using BGP). FALSE.
D . IP address allocation should be simple and easy to manage, reflect network layers, and simplify network management and network expansion: This is true. Huawei recommends structured allocation (e.g., by layer or function) to streamline management and support future growth. TRUE.
Thus, A and D are true statements about IP address planning.
NEW QUESTION # 36
When an SDN controller cluster is deployed in Huawei CloudFabric Solution, which of the following network planes are divided based on carried services? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Northbound management plane
- B. Southbound service plane
- C. BGP microservice plane
- D. Internal communication plane
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, the iMaster NCE-Fabric SDN controller cluster separates network planes based on carried services to ensure scalability and security. Let's evaluate each option:
A . BGP microservice plane: This is not a standard plane in Huawei's SDN architecture. BGP is used in the underlay/overlay but not defined as a separate microservice plane for the controller. FALSE.
B . Southbound service plane: This is true. The southbound plane carries configuration and control data to network devices (e.g., via NETCONF, BGP-EVPN), a critical service plane in SDN. TRUE.
C . Northbound management plane: This is true. The northbound plane provides APIs for management applications and orchestration (e.g., OpenStack integration), handling service requests. TRUE.
D . Internal communication plane: This is true. This plane facilitates communication between controller cluster nodes for synchronization and high availability. TRUE.
Thus, B (Southbound service plane), C (Northbound management plane), and D (Internal communication plane) are the network planes divided based on carried services.
NEW QUESTION # 37
In the CloudFabric Solution, SecoManager and iMaster NCE-Fabric are deployed independently. After SecoManager is installed, it needs to be manually interconnected with iMaster NCE-Fabric.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Huawei's CloudFabric Solution, SecoManager (Security Manager) and iMaster NCE-Fabric (Network Controller) are components of the SDN ecosystem. SecoManager handles security policy management, while iMaster NCE-Fabric manages network orchestration.
Deployment: These components can be deployed independently but are designed to integrate seamlessly. Huawei's architecture supports automated interconnection after installation, leveraging northbound/southbound APIs or pre-configured integration workflows.
Interconnection: Manual interconnection is not required post-installation; the system automates the process once both are deployed and configured within the same management domain (e.g., via IP addressing and authentication).
The statement is FALSE (B) because interconnection is automated, not manual.
NEW QUESTION # 38
Which of the following statements are false about heartbeat link faults in an M-LAG? (Select All that Apply)
- A. Services are affected.
- B. An alarm is triggered.
- C. The fault protection mechanism is triggered.
- D. The fault that two master devices exist cannot be detected in the case of a peer-link fault.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
In Huawei's M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation), the heartbeat link (or peer-link) ensures communication between member devices. A fault in this link can impact M-LAG operation. Let's evaluate each statement:
A . The fault that two master devices exist cannot be detected in the case of a peer-link fault: This is false. A peer-link fault can be detected, and mechanisms like dual-master detection (e.g., via Inter-Chassis Communication Link or ICC) can identify if both devices assume master roles, triggering corrective actions. FALSE.
B . An alarm is triggered: This is true. A peer-link fault generates an alarm to notify administrators, as it's a critical failure in M-LAG operation, per Huawei's fault management system. TRUE.
C . The fault protection mechanism is triggered: This is true. Huawei M-LAG includes protection mechanisms (e.g., failover to backup links or shutdown of conflicting interfaces) to mitigate peer-link faults and maintain service continuity. TRUE.
D . Services are affected: This is false. With proper configuration (e.g., redundant links or fast failover), services should not be affected by a peer-link fault, as M-LAG is designed for high availability. Impact depends on redundancy, but the design goal is uninterrupted service. FALSE.
Thus, A and D are false statements because dual-master faults can be detected, and services are not necessarily affected with adequate redundancy.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which of the following servers are built into iMaster NCE-Fabric to provide related services? (Select All that Apply)
- A. DNS server
- B. DHCP server
- C. RADIUS authentication server
- D. Version file server
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Huawei's iMaster NCE-Fabric is an SDN controller for the CloudFabric Solution, providing network orchestration and management. It includes built-in servers to support its operations. Let's evaluate each option:
A . DNS server: This is false. iMaster NCE-Fabric does not include a built-in DNS server; it relies on external DNS services for name resolution, configured during deployment. FALSE.
B . RADIUS authentication server: This is false. RADIUS authentication is typically handled by external AAA servers; iMaster NCE-Fabric integrates with them but does not embed a RADIUS server. FALSE.
C . DHCP server: This is true. iMaster NCE-Fabric includes a built-in DHCP server to assign temporary IP addresses during Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) or initial device configuration. TRUE.
D . Version file server: This is true. A version file server is built into iMaster NCE-Fabric to store and deliver software images or configuration files for device upgrades and management. TRUE.
Thus, C (DHCP server) and D (Version file server) are built into iMaster NCE-Fabric.
NEW QUESTION # 40
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